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Location and Geography
NCTF 135 HA Overview
The location of NCTF 135 HA can be found near Capel, a village situated in the county of Surrey, England.
Surrey is a non-metropolitan county located in the south-east of England, known for its picturesque countryside and proximity to London.
The county’s geography features rolling hills, woodlands, and grasslands, with numerous rivers and streams flowing through it.
NCTF 135 HA is likely situated within the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), an official designation that highlights the area’s unique natural beauty and importance.
The AONB covers over 400 square kilometers in southern England, spanning parts of West Sussex, East Hampshire, and Surrey.
Capel village itself lies within a rural setting, surrounded by farmland and woodlands, with numerous footpaths and trails connecting it to nearby villages and towns.
The area’s geology is characterized by the presence of Chalk Group rocks, which form part of the North Downs ridge that runs through Surrey.
These rocks are composed of limestone and chalk deposits, created during the Cretaceous period around 100 million years ago.
The region’s climate is influenced by its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and the prevailing westerly winds, resulting in mild winters and cool summers.
NCTF 135 HA can be expected to share these geographical characteristics, with its location near Capel village affording it access to the surrounding countryside and natural features of Surrey.
NCTF 135 HA is located near Capel, Surrey in southeast England. This area falls within the London Basin and is characterized by a mix of clayrich soils and sand.
The location of NCTF 135 HA, situated near Capel in Surrey, southeast England, offers a unique combination of geography and geology that defines its characteristics.
The site falls within the London Basin, a region of low-lying land that covers much of the southeastern part of England. This area has been shaped by tectonic activity, resulting in a relatively flat topography with gentle slopes.
The geology of NCTF 135 HA is characterized by a mix of clay-rich soils and sand. The presence of clay gives the soil a high water-holding capacity, making it suitable for plant growth and agriculture. In contrast, the sand component provides good drainage and aeration, preventing waterlogging and promoting root development.
The underlying geology of the London Basin is dominated by Cretaceous and Palaeogene rocks, including chalk, clay, and gravel. These sedimentary rocks were deposited during the Cenozoic era, around 65-2 million years ago. The soft, porous nature of these rocks has made them prone to erosion, resulting in the formation of valleys and low-lying areas.
From a geographical perspective, NCTF 135 HA is situated near the village of Capel, which lies at an elevation of approximately 50 meters above sea level. The surrounding landscape is characterized by rolling hills, gentle slopes, and scattered woodland areas. The site benefits from a temperate climate with mild winters and warm summers, making it suitable for a wide range of crops and agricultural activities.
The proximity to the M25 motorway, approximately 5 kilometers away, provides easy access to major urban centers like London and Gatwick Airport. This location also facilitates the transportation of goods and materials to and from the site, supporting local industry and commerce.
Key geographical features:
- The site falls within the London Basin, a region of low-lying land characterized by gentle slopes and flat topography.
- NCTF 135 HA is situated near the village of Capel, at an elevation of approximately 50 meters above sea level.
- The underlying geology consists of Cretaceous and Palaeogene rocks, including chalk, clay, and gravel.
- The site benefits from a temperate climate with mild winters and warm summers.
- Proximity to the M25 motorway provides easy access to major urban centers and facilitates transportation of goods and materials.
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In summary, NCTF 135 HA near Capel in Surrey, southeast England, is characterized by a unique combination of geography and geology that defines its characteristics. The site’s location within the London Basin, mixed clay-rich soils and sand, and proximity to urban centers make it an attractive location for various agricultural activities and industrial pursuits.
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Geology and Land Use
Precambrian Basement Rock
The geology of the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA near Capel in Surrey is primarily composed of Precambrian basement rock, which forms part of the Wealden crystalline complex.
These ancient rocks are among the oldest exposed geological formations in southern England and date back to a time period that predates even the most ancient sedimentary rocks found elsewhere in the region.
The Precambrian Basement Rock in this area is primarily made up of granitic and gneissic rocks, which have undergone significant metamorphism due to the intense heat and pressure associated with mountain-building events that occurred during the Proterozoic era, over 1000 million years ago.
Overlying these basement rocks are a range of sedimentary and volcanic formations, including sandstone and mudstone deposits from the Wealden Group, which were laid down in a shallow sea environment during the early Cretaceous period, around 145-140 million years ago.
The area’s geology has had significant impacts on land use within NCTF 135 HA. The Precambrian basement rocks provide a solid foundation for agriculture and other human activities but also pose some challenges due to their hard and impermeable nature.
Despite these challenges, the region around Capel in Surrey has historically been used for agricultural purposes, with many of its rolling hills and valleys being devoted to arable farming and livestock rearing. However, the area’s unique geology means that certain areas are more suitable for different types of land use than others.
For example, the steeper slopes surrounding NCTF 135 HA may be less suitable for intensive agriculture due to soil erosion and other factors related to its Precambrian bedrock. In contrast, flatter areas with a covering of Wealden Group sediments may support more diverse vegetation types and agricultural practices.
Efforts have been made in recent times to improve the environmental quality within this area by promoting sustainable land management practices. This includes initiatives such as agroforestry, organic farming, and rewilding programs which all aim to enhance biodiversity while minimizing negative environmental impacts associated with human activities.
In conclusion, understanding the geology of the Precambrian basement rock in NCTF 135 HA near Capel, Surrey is essential for informing land use decisions that balance competing human and environmental needs. By recognizing the importance of its unique geological heritage, stakeholders can work towards creating a more sustainable future within this area.
The underlying geology of NCTF 135 HA consists of Precambrian basement rock, which is exposed at various points throughout the area. This bedrock has undergone significant weathering and erosion over time.
The geological composition of the NCTF 135 HA area near Capel, Surrey plays a crucial role in shaping the region’s land use patterns and features.
The underlying geology of this area consists of Precambrian basement rock, which is a type of ancient crystalline rock that dates back over 1.8 billion years.
This Precambrian bedrock has undergone significant weathering and erosion over time due to various geological processes such as plate tectonics, water flow, and wind action.
As a result of this prolonged exposure to the elements, the bedrock in NCTF 135 HA has broken down into smaller fragments and particles, forming a layer of sedimentary rock on top of the original Precambrian rock.
This process is known as lithification, where sediments are compressed and cemented together over time to form new rocks.
The composition of this sedimentary cover varies across the area, with different types of rocks such as sandstone, siltstone, and clay forming distinct geological formations.
These variations in geology have, in turn, influenced the type of land use that occurs within NCTF 135 HA, with areas having more fertile soils supporting agricultural activities such as farming and horticulture.
The water table and groundwater flow also play a significant role in shaping the land use patterns within this area. In some regions, high water tables have resulted in peat formation, which can be seen in the area’s wetlands and marshes.
Conversely, areas with lower water tables are more prone to soil erosion and landslides due to the increased risk of heavy rainfall events.
The unique combination of geology and land use within NCTF 135 HA presents both challenges and opportunities for sustainable development and conservation efforts in this region.
Environmental Concerns
Conservation Status
The natural environment surrounding the North Downs Chalk Formation (NDCF) 135 HA site near Capel, Surrey, poses a myriad of concerns and presents a pressing need for conservation efforts.
One primary concern is the impact of human activity on the local ecosystem. The area’s rich biodiversity, comprising various plant and animal species, is susceptible to habitat destruction, fragmentation, and degradation resulting from agricultural practices, urbanization, and other land-use changes.
The chalk grassland ecosystem present in this region is considered a priority for conservation due to its unique and threatened nature. Chalk grasslands are characterized by their sparse vegetation and calcareous soils, which support a wide range of plant species adapted to these specific conditions.
However, the NDCF 135 HA site’s chalk grassland ecosystem is under threat from invasive non-native species (INNS), such as Rumex obtusifolius and Lepidium draba, which outcompete native vegetation for resources. Moreover, these INNS can alter soil chemistry and create pathways for disease transmission among native plants.
The conservation status of the NDCF 135 HA site is a pressing concern due to its potential to provide habitat for threatened or endangered species, such as the Adonis blue butterfly (Polymnus dalmaeus) and the small blue damselfly (Ijimia pectinata). The chalk grassland ecosystem’s unique combination of habitat features supports a variety of wildlife that relies on these conditions for survival.
A crucial aspect of conservation efforts in this area involves minimizing human impact on the local environment. This can be achieved through sustainable land-use practices, such as adopting more environmentally friendly farming methods and implementing measures to prevent soil erosion and water pollution.
Furthermore, collaborations between landowners, conservation organizations, and government agencies are essential for effectively managing the NDCF 135 HA site’s ecological resources. By sharing knowledge, expertise, and resources, these stakeholders can develop and implement effective conservation strategies tailored to the specific needs of this unique ecosystem.
Additionally, public education and awareness campaigns play a vital role in promoting the importance of conservation and environmental stewardship within the local community. Engaging with residents, schools, and other interest groups can foster a sense of ownership and responsibility for protecting the natural environment surrounding the NDCF 135 HA site.
In conclusion, the NDCF 135 HA site near Capel, Surrey, presents a pressing need for conservation efforts due to its rich biodiversity, threatened ecosystem, and potential to support endangered species. Addressing environmental concerns through sustainable land-use practices, community engagement, and collaborative management will be essential in preserving this unique natural area for future generations.
NCTF 135 HA is situated within a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) due to its importance as a habitat for a range of plant species, including the endangered meadow clary.
The location of NCTF 135 HA near Capel, Surrey is significant due to its designation as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC). This status acknowledges the importance of this area for providing a habitat for various plant species.
One of the notable plant species found within this SAC is the endangered meadow clary. This species is highly valued for its rarity and unique characteristics, making conservation efforts essential to protect it from extinction.
The meadow clary’s presence in NCTF 135 HA highlights the need to maintain a delicate balance between human activities and environmental concerns. The area’s designation as a SAC underscores the importance of preserving its natural state to safeguard biodiversity and ecological well-being.
The following reasons emphasize the significance of this site:
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Preservation of endangered species: The meadow clary is just one example of the rare plant species found within NCTF 135 HA. Efforts to protect it will have a positive impact on biodiversity in the region.
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Maintenance of ecological balance: Human activities can disrupt the natural balance within an ecosystem, leading to negative consequences for both plants and animals. By preserving this area as a SAC, we ensure that its delicate equilibrium is maintained.
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Supporting ecosystem services: Healthy ecosystems provide essential services such as air and water purification, soil formation, and climate regulation. Preserving NCTF 135 HA will contribute to these benefits.
In conclusion, the importance of NCTF 135 HA near Capel, Surrey cannot be overstated due to its designation as a SAC. The presence of endangered plant species like the meadow clary emphasizes the need for ongoing conservation efforts and highlights the significance of maintaining ecological balance in this region.
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